This article investigates the ongoing struggle over phosphate extraction in Western Sahara, shedding light on its impact on indigenous sovereignty and international politics.

Background

The phosphate industry in Western Sahara dates back to the colonial period. Today, it remains a contested resource, with Moroccan-controlled exports drawing international scrutiny and criticism from Sahrawi representatives and their allies.

International Trade and Resistance

Global importers of Western Saharan phosphate have faced mounting pressure to divest, as grassroots campaigns call out complicity in human rights violations. Major fertiliser companies in New Zealand, among others, have been criticised for continuing trade ties.

Key Data Points

Map of phosphate regions in Western Sahara
"The exploitation of Western Sahara’s phosphate resources without the consent of its people is a violation of international law." Western Sahara Resource Watch

Key Findings

  • Moroccan-controlled exports continue despite legal challenges.
  • International solidarity networks are growing in response.
  • Companies in Aotearoa New Zealand have begun to reevaluate sourcing policies.